Page 1 of 17 
 
Washington Women’s Heritage Project records, 1900-2000 
University of Washington Libraries Special Collections 
Freda Strom Charley 
1981  
Cassette 1, Side 1 
 
 
Speaker 1  00:03 
That'll work. 
 
Winona Weber  00:09 
Well, it's not in there very good is the problem. I can't get it in the other way. 
 
Freda Charley  00:28 
There [inaudible]. 
 
Winona Weber  00:29 
There.  
 
Freda Charley  00:29 
[?It'll go?], I hope.  
 
Winona Weber  00:31 
Ah. 
 
Freda Charley  00:34 
Just as long as you don't fall over.  
 
Speaker 1  00:36 
Really? 
 
Winona Weber  00:40 
Did your folks have a house here? 
 
Freda Charley  00:43 
Yes, uh-huh, they had a house here. 
 
Winona Weber  00:46 
What happened to it? 
 
Page 2 of 17 
 
Freda Charley  00:48 
It's burnt up. [?Jim Bryson?] made a fire over there with supposed to be kerosene, and I guess 
they sold him gas down there, and when they-- him and Woody, Percy Woodcock, made a fire, 
exploded. In it burned both of our houses. We weren't home and [inaudible] and I went to town 
to [inaudible] and we came back, there was nothing. 
 
Winona Weber  01:12 
[Laughs] Oh, gee. 
 
Freda Charley  01:13 
They saved quite a bit of our stuff, though. 
 
Winona Weber  01:16 
Oh, that's good. Well, I suppose over there they-- 
 
Freda Charley  01:20 
Yeah, they really got burnt down. [?That was in '29?]. Born and raised here.  
 
Winona Weber  01:33 
Did you go to school here in Taholah?  
 
Freda Charley  01:36 
I went to school till the eighth grade and then I went to Chemawa. 
 
Winona Weber  01:40 
What kind of-- they had school to the eighth grade here in Taholah?  
 
Freda Charley  01:45 
Yeah. Two room schoolhouse. Had woodstoves, had to put wood in it, make fire in the morning. 
And they had two teachers for all those grades.  
 
Winona Weber  02:02 
Yeah?  
 
Freda Charley  02:03 
Was really something, anyway. But in eighth grade, I think there were just Mary Slade and I, two 
of us in eighth grade.  
 
Winona Weber  02:11 
Oh, I see.  
 
Freda Charley  02:12 
So we used to really like 'cause we had a tutor.  
 
Winona Weber  02:16 
[Inaudible]. 
Page 3 of 17 
 
 
Freda Charley  02:21 
And then after eighth grade, we have to go, because that's as far as the school went and they sent 
us to Chemawa. 
 
Winona Weber  02:27 
How did you like school down there? 
 
Freda Charley  02:28 
I really liked it down there. I remember it at all the time. You know, we had lots of things to do. 
We had societies, and basketball, and we did always gymnastics and everything. 
 
Winona Weber  02:48 
Were you active in sports? 
 
Freda Charley  02:50 
Yeah, I played basketball, did hurdles, and racing, and, you know, stuff like that. And we had 
dances, went to church. And then we learned a trade, you know. You could learn-- a lot of girls 
took sewing, and some took domestic science, like nursing, and care directing, and... 
 
Winona Weber  03:25 
Here in Taholah?  
 
Freda Charley  03:27 
No, in Chemawa. 
 
Winona Weber  03:27 
Oh, in Chemawa, that's right. 
 
Freda Charley  03:31 
Had everything. A lot of girls worked in the kitchen, can, you know, [inaudible] bread. And that 
school they worked, like, they had their own dairy, and the kids ran the dairy and had their own 
farm and raised all their fruits and vegetables and canned and they got them ready for winter. 
Was fun. Run, you know, by the kids and the supervisor.  
 
Winona Weber  04:01 
Yeah. So you took the nursing?  
 
Freda Charley  04:04 
Yeah. Well, I was in the sewing room and that sewing lady says, "Boy, you'll never learn how to 
sew." So when they asked for volunteers for the hospital, I was the first one to put up my hand 
and I was there all the time. Oh, dear, I couldn't sew worth a darn. 
 
Winona Weber  04:27 
You still don't?  
 
Page 4 of 17 
 
Freda Charley  04:28 
No. Oh, I embroider and crochet a little, but not... 
 
Winona Weber  04:41 
Did your-- when you were growing up, did your-- was your father a-- did he do blacksmithing 
here in Taholah?  
 
Freda Charley  04:49 
Yes. 'Course, most times they had horse and wagon. And people [inaudible] could bring their 
horses down Hoh River and all over to [inaudible]. And he made a lot of stuff, you know, out of 
iron. He made clam shovels for the clam diggers. And he cleared [inaudible] his whole town, I 
think. And he helped survey all over [inaudible]. 
 
Winona Weber  05:19 
Wow. 
 
Freda Charley  05:25 
They had their own garden, [inaudible] their own hay, and horses, and cows. 
 
Winona Weber  05:33 
Was the town bigger?  
 
Freda Charley  05:36 
No, it was just this one street. One street, and there wasn't too many families, neither. Just, like, 
the Goodwins, and us, and Garfields, and Hudsons. Not too many people. Sotomishes.  
 
Winona Weber  05:59 
Yeah, the Sotomishes.  
 
Freda Charley  06:02 
And the [inaudible]. Snells. That-- Snell was just like my dad, he came over from England about 
the same time they came. And they all end up in Hoh River and married Hoh River girls, 
including Old Man Rosander.  
 
Winona Weber  06:20 
Oh, Rosander, yeah.  
 
Freda Charley  06:21 
He's not too far from the town my dad was born. They all got here and married those Hoh River 
girls. 
 
Winona Weber  06:36 
I wonder what brought them to this part of Hoh River all the way-- 
 
Freda Charley  06:40 
[Inaudible]. 
Page 5 of 17 
 
 
Winona Weber  06:40 
--from Europe.  
 
Freda Charley  06:42 
They had to walk up the beach and over. 
 
Winona Weber  06:45 
Oh, really? 
 
Freda Charley  06:49 
Then my dad took my mother to Idaho and he worked in the mines there [inaudible]. Him and 
his brother, John. 
 
Winona Weber  07:10 
How did they-- how long did they live there in Idaho? 
 
Freda Charley  07:13 
Oh, about three years is all. 
 
Winona Weber  07:19 
Didn't care for it, or? 
 
Freda Charley  07:22 
I don't know. They probably just come back where they came from. Mama was a fish-eater 
[laughs]. [Inaudible] [?back here, to their hole?].  
 
Winona Weber  07:32 
Did she do any fishing? 
 
Freda Charley  07:34 
No. She just used to smoke lots of fish. You know, a long time ago the dog salmon was only two 
and a half cents apiece. Then she'd take and she'd smoke-- had a big smokehouse out there. 
Smoke about 500 dogs. One time my dad asked him, "Well, Mom where's the fish? Let's have 
some smoked fish for supper." She said, "It's all gone." People that, you know, [inaudible], she 
gave it away [laughs]. She used to give her-- give all her stuff away. She was quite a gal, my 
mother. She got people ready for burial when they died and was a midwife. [Inaudible]. 'Course 
there was no road here, you only had to come by wagon to Moclips. They used to bring their-- 
some of them bring their [inaudible] by wagon. A lot of times my Dad [inaudible].  
 
Winona Weber  08:46 
Oh, really? Oh, I see.  
 
Freda Charley  08:49 
And she always bathed them and dressed them for burial. 
 
Page 6 of 17 
 
Winona Weber  09:00 
What did you-- did you ever help her with the-- 
 
Freda Charley  09:04 
No.  
 
Winona Weber  09:05 
--what she did in her midwife career?  
 
Freda Charley  09:07 
Unh-uh. She was-- I was 19 when she died. Shirley was six months old when she died. 
 
Winona Weber  09:20 
Oh, my goodness. [Inaudible]. Your father [inaudible]. 
 
Freda Charley  09:28 
Yeah. 
 
Winona Weber  09:33 
Was she real traditional? Was she a real traditional Indian woman? 
 
Freda Charley  09:38 
Yeah. She didn't go to school or nothing. She didn't know how to read or write. But she was 
smarter than I was. I went to high school [laughs]. She made, you know, bread, headcheese, and 
did everything, knew how to do everything. No, they didn't have school when she was a kid. 
 
Winona Weber  10:06 
No? 
 
Freda Charley  10:11 
She could write her name. And then us kids used to teach her how to spell with [inaudible] and 
stuff like that, when we were kids. 
 
Winona Weber  10:30 
She smoked [inaudible]. 
 
Freda Charley  10:32 
Oh, yeah. Dried, smoked, whatever. 
 
Winona Weber  10:39 
What other kinds of meats did you have besides fish? I realize that fish was [crosstalk]--  
 
Freda Charley  10:44 
We had elk, meat, deer meat. My brother Charlie was a real hunter. And we had geese and 
ducks. I remember eating beaver meat, [inaudible] meat. 
 
Page 7 of 17 
 
Winona Weber  10:59 
Really? I've never had beaver. Is it good? 
 
Freda Charley  11:05 
Good. 'Course, you know, you didn't have meat coming in from the outside. Never got any 
[inaudible] can, like canned corn, roast beef. We never got any fresh meat unless we got it from 
the woods.  
 
Winona Weber  11:25 
How did-- did she preserve part of the meat that your brother would bring home?  
 
Freda Charley  11:30 
Yeah, she'd can it or, you know, dry it in the smokehouse.  
 
Winona Weber  11:38 
Jerky [inaudible]?  
 
Freda Charley  11:39 
Yeah, jerky. 
 
Winona Weber  11:43 
[Inaudible].  
 
Freda Charley  11:43 
Oh, I wish I had some now. 
 
Winona Weber  11:47 
[Inaudible]. I'm not too crazy about-- 
 
Freda Charley  11:48 
She'd smoke a whole bunch of fish, mostly dogs, put 'em up in gunny sacks around the chimney, 
keep all winter.  
 
Winona Weber  12:01 
Oh, really? I wonder what it was. 
 
Freda Charley  12:03 
I don't know, it just dried, I guess.  
 
Winona Weber  12:05 
I suppose--  
 
Freda Charley  12:06 
Warm.  
 
Winona Weber  12:06 
Page 8 of 17 
 
--being around the chimney...  
 
Freda Charley  12:08 
Uh-huh. Good. We'd bring it down and put it, you know, warm it in the fireplace until it was nice 
and hot. 
 
Winona Weber  12:28 
What kind of fishing did your father do? 
 
Freda Charley  12:32 
[Inaudible].  
 
Winona Weber  12:33 
Net?  
 
Freda Charley  12:33 
Net fishing. Uh-huh. He was a white man, but they adopted him into the tribe and he got a lot 
[inaudible] and everything. He fished until he couldn't fish anymore. I used to fish at night and 
he'd fish in the daytime, because he'd had a heart attack. 
 
Winona Weber  12:54 
Oh, I see. [Inaudible] fish the net?  
 
Freda Charley  12:58 
Yeah. 
 
Speaker 1  13:02 
That's a lot of work. 
 
Freda Charley  13:04 
Yeah. 
 
Speaker 1  13:04 
I did some off-reservation fishing. Ugh, that's hard work. 
 
Freda Charley  13:08 
Eh, it's not so bad [inaudible]. 
 
Winona Weber  13:11 
No, I just [inaudible]. 
 
Freda Charley  13:13 
Get everything hooked up right, you're okay. Benny, up there, he used to have straps, hooks. 
Hook 'em, up they were all [inaudible]. No problem. And then I'd pull the net off, all I had to do 
is [inaudible]. 
 
Page 9 of 17 
 
Winona Weber  13:33 
Those straps, you just pull it in the boat. 
 
Freda Charley  13:35 
[Inaudible] set your neck, you remember which end you pull out first. You got to sure you have 
to have that part on top, so when you set net you start from [inaudible].  
 
Winona Weber  13:50 
Yeah.  
 
Freda Charley  13:51 
Everything [inaudible]. I never had any problem. Same with my daddy, I always had everything 
you need out there.  
 
Winona Weber  14:00 
Organized.  
 
Freda Charley  14:03 
Mm-hmm. Only take about ten minutes, I guess. Pull 'em in, and pull 'em out. 
 
Winona Weber  14:10 
You said your mother was a real basket maker. 
 
Freda Charley  14:14 
Yeah.  
 
Winona Weber  14:15 
Did she teach any of your sisters?  
 
Freda Charley  14:18 
No. She wouldn't let us touch her stuff. [Laughter.] Her sewing machine or anything. After she-- 
her eyes failed her, she said, "I'm sorry that I didn't teach you girls how to do any of this." Didn't 
teach us how to talk Indian or nothing. There we were. My sister Ida could speak Quinault and 
[inaudible]. Of course, she said when they went to school, none of the kids talked English. You 
know, talked Quinault or [inaudible]. When they went to school, they had to learn English. 
 
Winona Weber  15:01 
Did any of the teachers speak in English? 
 
Freda Charley  15:06 
I [inaudible].  
 
Winona Weber  15:09 
That must have been hard. 
 
Freda Charley  15:10 
Page 10 of 17 
 
Yeah, [laughs] must have been. 
 
Winona Weber  15:13 
Must have been easier for you starting in school because you had English at home. 
 
Freda Charley  15:17 
Yeah. [Inaudible] they didn't want to-- well, I used to try to talk Indian, but they'd laugh at me. I 
guess they must have found it funny, or got my Indian all mixed up or something. And they'd 
laugh, and I thought, "I'm not going to learn then." I said, "I'm mad." [laughter]. [Inaudible] try 
anymore. 
 
Winona Weber  15:49 
Do you speak any at all? 
 
Freda Charley  15:51 
I can understand it and I can say a few words but not... Like nobody's here anymore, there's 
nobody who talks it anymore.  
 
Winona Weber  16:00 
Yeah, that's true.  
 
Freda Charley  16:01 
Died out. I used to-- [inaudible] [?Redford?], he could-- he used to talk Indian, but I don't 
[inaudible] could anymore, 'cause he was about the last one that had a grandparent that talked 
Indian. 
 
Winona Weber  16:20 
Were most of the kids when you were going to school, did most of them hear Indian at home, do 
you think? 
 
Freda Charley  16:29 
I think so [inaudible]. They spoke it quite a bit. I know that when my mother had visitors, you 
know, from around town, they'd all talk Indian. They'd either talk [inaudible] or Quinault.  
 
Winona Weber  16:51 
How many languages did your mother speak?  
 
Freda Charley  16:54 
Two. Quinault and [inaudible].  
 
Winona Weber  16:57 
And English.  
 
Freda Charley  16:58 
Add English, three. 
 
Page 11 of 17 
 
Winona Weber  17:00 
Three! She was multilingual.  
 
Freda Charley  17:03 
Yeah, yeah, that's right.  
 
Winona Weber  17:06 
Did your father ever learn any Indian?  
 
Freda Charley  17:08 
Yeah, he did pretty good. He talked Jargon, Chinook, with-- because there were so many people 
who used to come here and he'd talk Chinook. Like [inaudible], or [inaudible], when they came 
here. He could talk real good Chinook. And they-- he understood [inaudible]. But Old Man 
Rosander, he could talk real good [inaudible]. Even when he was just before he died, he'd still 
talk [inaudible]. Have nobody to talk to, but I guess he thought of it all the time.  
 
Winona Weber  17:55 
Well, he might have thought in [inaudible]. Sometimes even if you talk one language, but you 
think in the language that you learned to talk in. 
 
Freda Charley  18:07 
Once in a while we get together and we think of all the "What this is," or, "What that is." Like 
that lamp, that's a "[?p’íc’ha?]."  
 
Winona Weber  18:18 
Yeah?  
 
Freda Charley  18:19 
And strawberry's "[inaudible]," and stuff like that, you know. We think of all  the things. 
 
Winona Weber  18:29 
[Inaudible] our word for strawberries [inaudible]. If-- were there villages up the river from here 
when you were a little girl? 
 
Freda Charley  18:46 
Well, they farm, like the Sotomishes, end of April or May, they'd go up and they'd [?pole?] up 
and put in the garden. My dad used to have a garden up there across from Sotomishes, just 
around the bend from [?the coal mines?]. And we used to farm there. But long, long ago, when-- 
before I was born, they farmed further up the river, along the banks of that river. Lot of them. 
Well, like old Frank [?Heisman?], he had a farm up there. And I think there's still [?a couple 
trees?] up there that he planted. [Inaudible]. 
 
Winona Weber  19:35 
I wonder why they're not carrying that on. 
 
Freda Charley  19:38 
Page 12 of 17 
 
I don't know, [inaudible] farmers, but long ago they had to do those things. That's the only way 
they had survive or eat anything that was like apples, and plums. 
 
Winona Weber  19:49 
I suppose it would be a lot of trouble to bring it in. 
 
Freda Charley  19:52 
Oh, yeah, it was. About once a month we went to Moclips on the wagon for supplies, and boy, 
that was a real big day for us. We'd get up about three o'clock in the morning. My dad would 
pick a day that-- when the tide was out in the morning, and then we'd come back when the tide 
was out, in order to get around those rocks, you know, because we had to go those rocks and then 
find that hail to the coast guard, and come on down. They had a [?rolled up?] on the hill. But 
then you came down at this side, the coast guard, and then you'd have to come clear around the 
beach, surround the mouth, [inaudible]. 
 
Winona Weber  20:38 
Had that river always been like that, the way it comes down and it goes wide at the mouth and 
then comes back in, or is that a manmade--? 
 
Freda Charley  20:47 
It changes quite a bit, [inaudible] river. Years [inaudible]. Sometimes it's this way, the mouth, 
and it's straight down, or backward. Seems like it's cutting that way [inaudible]. 
 
Winona Weber  21:02 
Yeah, that's-- someone else told me that--  
 
Speaker 1  21:05 
Yeah. 
 
Winona Weber  21:05 
--that it seems to be shifting.  
 
Freda Charley  21:07 
I guess the waves come this way and [?hit?] the bank. That's why they had to moved those brigs. 
 
Winona Weber  21:15 
Yeah, the prevailing wind [crosstalk]-- 
 
Freda Charley  21:17 
It could come this way, well we'd get washed out [laughs]. 
 
Winona Weber  21:20 
Yeah. 
 
Freda Charley  21:21 
Lucky, we're protected by Elizabeth and Grenville. 
Page 13 of 17 
 
 
Winona Weber  21:26 
And you have the Sonora Reef out there. Kind of a bit-- 
 
Freda Charley  21:29 
Yeah, stops all that nice surf. 
 
Winona Weber  21:39 
When did you start fishing? [Inaudible]. 
 
Freda Charley  21:43 
Oh, when I was about 18. Maybe 16. And I fished till, oh, golly, till [inaudible] [?fifties?]. You 
know, off and on. Fished up there at Benny's ground, and then at my dad's ground. 
 
Winona Weber  22:22 
Was your mother's family all up at the Hoh River? 
 
Freda Charley  22:25 
Uh-huh, yeah.  
 
Winona Weber  22:27 
Did you get to see them very often?  
 
Freda Charley  22:32 
Well, my aunt died [inaudible]. We went up to visit her three or four times when she lived in 
Hoh. But she got real old and then her-- she lived in Queets and [inaudible]. She went blind; I 
guess that was from making too many baskets.  
 
Winona Weber  22:49 
Oh, really?  
 
Freda Charley  22:53 
Yeah, she was a basket maker. She made me some-- she used to make those baskets you made 
out of [inaudible] shoots, the work baskets and the berry baskets. I think I have three or four of 
those [inaudible]. They used to come and visit in... They'd come walking from Hoh on the beach, 
in the wintertime with their kids. They'd come, they'd-- I guess they'd run out of provisions or 
[inaudible] I don't-- they'd come and stay with us [inaudible]. We kept [inaudible], and stay with 
us for three months. 
 
Winona Weber  23:38 
That was your aunt's?  
 
Freda Charley  23:39 
Yeah, my aunt and her family. My dad had chickens and cows and a lot of milk, and a lot of eggs 
and, you know, chicken to eat.  
 
Page 14 of 17 
 
Winona Weber  23:58 
How long--  
 
Freda Charley  23:59 
[Inaudible] cattle.  
 
Winona Weber  24:00 
How long would it take them to get from the Hoh to here? Gee, seems a long way. 
 
Freda Charley  24:05 
I think maybe a couple days. They probably stopped in Queets and stayed overnight there, then 
come on down this way. 
 
Winona Weber  24:18 
But if you wanted to go to the Hoh we had to go [inaudible].  
 
Freda Charley  24:21 
Walk, uh-huh. 
 
Winona Weber  24:23 
Seems like a long way to walk.  
 
Freda Charley  24:25 
Walk to Queets and then Taholah.  
 
Winona Weber  24:31 
I never done that. 
 
Freda Charley  24:35 
My dad said that [inaudible] before it got real bad, they'd walk from the Hoh over here and they'd 
buy their stuff. Pretty soon, you know, they had a store here and quite a bit of stuff, and they 
used to walk from Hoh down here and buy their flour and sugar. My mother used to pack a 
hundred pounds sack of flour or sugar on her back [inaudible] the Hoh River. Seemed like they'd 
use horses or something, but they just had pack to pack it on their backs. 
 
Winona Weber  25:13 
[Inaudible]. 
 
Freda Charley  25:19 
Probably. Through that tunnel, maybe. But I remember they used to come, because while I was a 
little girl, I remember that they'd bring herds of cattle and they'd swim across the river and go on 
[crosstalk]. Yeah [laughter]. Swimmin' across that river, [inaudible]. Bring it from Hoh Valley I 
guess, or Queets. 
 
Winona Weber  25:51 
Now, where would they be going? 
Page 15 of 17 
 
 
Freda Charley  25:54 
To Hoquiam, I guess.. I don't know. I know that they went across the river. Well, they-- the 
railroad used to come from Moclips. I don't know where they put them on there, or what.  
 
Winona Weber  26:12 
That sounds possible. [?Drove them into Moclips, and then put them on a train?]. Did you go to 
Hoquiam very often? 
 
Freda Charley  26:27 
Not very much.  
 
Winona Weber  26:30 
It must have been a really big deal going to Hoquiam? 
 
Freda Charley  26:34 
Well, it was, because the people... Well pretty soon people got cars, and they'd have to go around 
that point. And later on they got a road that came to where the [inaudible] is, then you'd go up 
that-- you go through the gravel and you go up that hill, and then go on that straight stretch clear 
to where the coast guard is. And go down the hill, and then you'd get on the beach again. 
 
Winona Weber  27:12 
Yeah, and then you get off.  
 
Freda Charley  27:14 
Then you'd have to cross Moclips River, which was something them days too.  
 
Winona Weber  27:20 
Oh, yeah.  
 
Freda Charley  27:21 
Especially in the wintertime, yeah, you had to cross in your car. And sometimes you made it, and 
sometimes you lost your car.  
 
Winona Weber  27:32 
Oh, I see.  
 
Freda Charley  27:34 
You know, like it is [inaudible] clams. A lot of times you can't pass-- cross [?Rec Bridge?].  
 
Winona Weber  27:39 
Yeah.  
 
Freda Charley  27:43 
And then we'd go on to town and then the roads then had planks; they had double planks. And 
you'd have to stay [inaudible] all the way to town--  
Page 16 of 17 
 
 
Winona Weber  27:53 
Just to--?  
 
Freda Charley  27:54 
And they had the turn offs.  
 
Winona Weber  27:57 
Yeah.  
 
Freda Charley  27:58 
Yeah. That's the way it was when I was a girl; you had all those planks. 
 
Winona Weber  28:07 
What would you go to town for? 
 
Freda Charley  28:10 
Oh, to buy shoes, or clothes, groceries, whatever.  
 
Winona Weber  28:17 
Was Moclips a very big town?  
 
Freda Charley  28:19 
Yeah, it was pretty big. It had a great big store, and it had a boarding house, and [inaudible] 
shop, and we had a hotel, and... what else? A depot, you know, for trains.  
 
Winona Weber  28:41 
Where was that?  
 
Freda Charley  28:43 
Moclips-- Oh, it's down there, where [?Chapman?] has his [inaudible]. 
 
Winona Weber  28:47 
Oh, huh.  
 
Freda Charley  28:50 
Well, you know, like where Jughead has his workshop? 
 
Winona Weber  28:56 
Uh-huh.  
 
Freda Charley  28:57 
Well, where that road is, only on further sides. A little bit. 
 
Winona Weber  29:02 
Page 17 of 17 
 
There's bunch of sidings down there, I've noticed. Well, there was when I was a little girls, 
anyway, I don't know if they're still there or not.  
 
Freda Charley  29:10 
I know when us kids went to Chemawa they took us to the depot in Moclips, and then we went 
on the train to Chemawa. I can remember, long time ago, when I was a little girl, they-- on 
Sundays or holidays, they'd have these big excursion trains come down with people from Seattle, 
I guess, and all over. They'd come and go swim along the beach and everything. Spend a day and 
go back. [Inaudible] lots of people over. [Crosstalk]. Pacific and Moclips [inaudible]. 
 
Winona Weber  29:31 
Come to the beach? 
 
Freda Charley  29:31 
Yeah, on the train.  
 
Winona Weber  29:53 
They never came this far north.  
 
Freda Charley  29:55 
No.  
 
Winona Weber  29:56 
No train?  
 
Freda Charley  29:57 
No way. 
 
Winona Weber  30:02 
Doesn't seem like such a bad idea. [Inaudible] kind of isolated.  
 
Freda Charley  30:08 
[Laughs] We really were. No electricity, no running water, no pumps to filter water. In the 
summer, our water would get salty, and then we'd have to go across the river to the spring to get 
our water. 
 
Winona Weber  30:25 
I wonder how come. 
 
Freda Charley  30:28 
Well, the ocean water would come in [inaudible] the river and-- 
 